Samuil Feinberg is known for his significant achievement in the USSR as a prominent pianist and music educator who played a crucial role in the revival and performance of Johann Sebastian Bach's music. One of his notable contributions was his work on the transcription and performance of Bach's keyboard works, particularly the "Goldberg Variations." Feinberg's interpretations and arrangements helped to bring Bach's music to a wider audience in the Soviet Union, where access to Western classical music was often limited.

Feinberg was also instrumental in teaching and inspiring a new generation of musicians in the USSR, emphasizing the importance of Bach's music in the classical repertoire. His performances and recordings of Bach's works are still celebrated for their depth and artistry, contributing to the appreciation of Bach's music in the 20th century.