Reference

Xinjiang's modern history is marked by several key conflicts and events:

1. 20th Century Political Developments: The region has seen various political changes, with significant events shaping its modern history. A key conflict in the early 20th century involved a Sufi lineage vying for control in southern Xinjiang, leading to internal dominance source.

2. Xinjiang Conflict: This ongoing conflict is often referred to as the East Turkistan conflict or Uyghur-Chinese conflict. It involves ethnic and geopolitical tensions between Uyghurs and the Chinese government, centered around issues of independence and cultural identity source.

3. Uyghur Identity Formation: Since the early 20th century, the Turkic Muslims in the Tarim Basin began developing a distinct Uyghur identity, influenced by cultural, religious, and political factors source.

4. Human Rights Concerns: More recently, international focus has been on human rights concerns, particularly regarding internment camps and forced labor. The Chinese government has faced heavy criticism and provided varying responses to these allegations source.

Images associated with Xinjiang's history: