Since the abolition of untouchability in India through the Constitution in 1950, the country has taken several significant actions to address this social issue. Here are some key measures:

1. Legal Framework: The Constitution of India prohibits untouchability under Article 17, which states that "untouchability is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden." This legal provision laid the foundation for further actions against discrimination.

2. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989: This law was enacted to prevent atrocities against Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. It provides for stringent penalties for those who commit acts of violence or discrimination against these communities.

3. Affirmative Action: The Indian government has implemented various affirmative action policies, including reservations in education and government jobs for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs). This aims to improve their socio-economic status and promote their integration into mainstream society.

4. Social Welfare Schemes: Numerous welfare schemes have been launched to uplift marginalized communities. These include financial assistance, scholarships for students from SC/ST backgrounds, and programs aimed at improving health, education, and employment opportunities.

5. Awareness Campaigns: The government and various NGOs have conducted awareness campaigns to educate people about the rights of marginalized communities and the importance of social equality. These campaigns aim to change societal attitudes towards untouchability.

6. Judicial Interventions: The Indian judiciary has played a crucial role in addressing cases of untouchability and discrimination. Various landmark judgments have reinforced the legal provisions against untouchability and have provided justice to victims.

7. Monitoring and Reporting Mechanisms: The government has established mechanisms to monitor incidents of caste-based discrimination and violence. This includes the National Commission for Scheduled Castes, which investigates complaints and recommends measures to address issues faced by SCs.

8. Community Engagement: Efforts have been made to engage communities in dialogue and promote social harmony. Initiatives that encourage inter-caste marriages and community interactions have been promoted to break down caste barriers.

Despite these efforts, challenges remain, and untouchability still persists in some areas. Continuous efforts are needed to ensure that the principles of equality and justice are upheld in practice.