Reference

Aging and obesity contribute to inflammatory age-related diseases through several interconnected mechanisms. Chronic low-grade inflammation, often referred to as "inflammaging," is a key factor that links obesity and aging to conditions such as type-2 diabetes, cancer, and autoimmune diseases [1]. As people age, their metabolic regulation changes, leading to a decrease in muscle mass and an increase in fat mass, particularly in the abdominal area [2]. This shift in body composition can result in insulin resistance, a precursor to type-2 diabetes [3]. Additionally, obesity, especially when combined with aging, can lead to increased health complications due to complex physiological processes [4]. Overweight and inflammatory mediators can accelerate the progression of age-associated diseases, highlighting their significant impact [5]. Furthermore, obesity can cause chronic low-grade inflammation, which increases the risk of DNA damage and decreases DNA repair mechanisms, potentially leading to cellular dysfunction and disease [6]. The inflammatory state associated with aging and obesity can also alter immunological regulation, contributing to a dysfunctional immune response [7]. In summary, aging and obesity interact in a way that promotes systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and immune dysregulation, which are major drivers of inflammatory age-related diseases 1. Here are some images that illustrate the relationship between obesity, inflammation, and aging: