Reference

The boundary dispute between North and South Carolina has a long and complicated history, evolving over several centuries. Below are some key points in the evolution of this dispute:

1. Early Settlement and Division (1663-1729):

   • Initially, Carolina was a single colony, granted by King Charles II to eight Lords Proprietors in 1663.
   • Due to political, economic, and geographic differences, the province was increasingly difficult to govern as a single entity.
   • By 1712, North and South Carolina were officially divided into two separate provinces.
   • In 1729, both regions became royal colonies, establishing more distinct governance and boundaries.

2. Initial Surveys and Boundary Issues (1730-1815):

   • Disputes began around 1720 regarding the exact placement of boundary lines, especially as settlers pushed westward.
   • Boundary surveys were conducted, but they were often inconsistent and poorly documented due to the challenging terrain and lack of precise instruments.
   • Over the years, multiple surveys attempted to resolve the boundary, leading to a series of adjustments and clarifications.

3. 19th and 20th Century Adjustments:

   • Continued settlement and development, coupled with better surveying technology, led to further refinements of the boundary.
   • Jurisdictional disputes frequently arose, particularly in areas where the boundary affected local governance and resources.
   • By the early 1900s, more accurate surveys using modern methods led to more significant corrections and re-establishments of the boundary.

4. Modern Efforts (1990s-Present):

   • In the early 1990s, issues along the state boundary re-emerged, particularly regarding jurisdictional responsibilities in counties close to the boundary line.
   • The South Carolina Geodetic Survey and the North Carolina Geodetic Survey collaborated to clarify and officially document the boundary line.
   • These efforts were part of a larger program to resolve any remaining disputes and ensure consistent governance along the border.

Overall, the boundary dispute evolved from a loosely defined colonial boundary to a well-documented modern state line through centuries of negotiation, conflict, and technological advancements in surveying.

For a more detailed exploration, you can refer to:

• NCpedia on Carolina Becomes North and South Carolina
• The North Carolina - South Carolina Border Surveys (1730 to 1815)

Here are some historical maps illustrating the boundary evolution: