Reference

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including cell growth, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Its over-expression is associated with several pathological conditions, notably atherosclerosis.

In the context of atherosclerosis, PDGF is significant because:

1. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell (VSMC) Proliferation: PDGF is a potent mitogen for vascular smooth muscle cells. In atherosclerosis, the over-expression of PDGF can lead to the excessive proliferation and migration of VSMCs from the media to the intima of the arterial wall. This contributes to the thickening of the arterial wall and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.

2. Inflammation and Plaque Stability: PDGF can also influence the inflammatory response within the arterial wall. It stimulates the production of inflammatory cytokines and recruits immune cells, which can contribute to the chronic inflammation characteristic of atherosclerotic lesions. Additionally, PDGF affects the stability of atherosclerotic plaques by influencing the extracellular matrix composition and the behavior of cells within the plaque.

3. Endothelial Dysfunction: PDGF can affect endothelial cell function, which is critical in maintaining vascular homeostasis. Endothelial dysfunction is a precursor to atherosclerosis, and PDGF's role in altering endothelial cell behavior can exacerbate the development and progression of atherosclerotic disease.

Overall, the over-expression of PDGF in the vascular system can accelerate the development of atherosclerosis by promoting VSMC proliferation, enhancing inflammatory responses, and contributing to endothelial dysfunction, making it a target of interest for therapeutic interventions aimed at treating or preventing atherosclerosis.