Reference

The offense of 'hooliganism' was removed from China's criminal law in 1997. This change was part of an amendment to the Criminal Law which also led to the decriminalization of homosexuality. The term 'hooliganism' was quite vague and could encompass a wide range of behaviors, which was a point of concern for human rights. The removal of this charge was seen as a step towards legal clarity and a reduction in the potential for arbitrary enforcement of criminal law. Information on this topic can be found in various sources including academic articles and human rights reports, such as those available on Muse and Wikipedia.