Salt Lake City, like many urban areas, faces significant challenges related to homelessness. Here are some of the key issues and policy challenges:

1. Housing Shortage: One of the primary challenges is the lack of affordable housing. The increasing cost of living and limited availability of affordable units make it difficult for many individuals and families to secure stable housing.

2. Mental Health and Substance Abuse: A substantial portion of the homeless population struggles with mental health issues and substance abuse. Providing adequate mental health services and addiction treatment is a critical component of addressing homelessness.

3. Resource Allocation: There is often a debate over how to allocate resources effectively. Balancing immediate needs, such as emergency shelters, with long-term solutions like permanent supportive housing requires careful planning and investment.

4. Public Perception and Policy: Public perception of homelessness can influence policy decisions. Some policies may focus on criminalizing aspects of homelessness, such as camping in public spaces, which can exacerbate the problem rather than solve it.

5. Coordination Among Agencies: Effective response to homelessness requires coordination among various government agencies, non-profits, and community organizations. Ensuring these entities work together efficiently can be challenging.

6. Economic Factors: Broader economic conditions, such as unemployment rates and wage stagnation, also impact homelessness. Policies that address these economic factors can indirectly influence homelessness rates.

7. Legal and Regulatory Barriers: Zoning laws and other regulations can sometimes hinder the development of affordable housing or shelters, posing additional challenges to addressing homelessness.

Salt Lake City has made efforts to address these challenges, such as implementing the "Housing First" model, which prioritizes providing permanent housing as a first step. However, ongoing efforts are needed to adapt to changing economic conditions and population needs.