The Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny, was triggered by a mix of political, economic, social, and military grievances against the British East India Company. Here are the major causes and events of the Rebellion, particularly focusing on Bengal:

Causes of the Rebellion in Bengal

1. Introduction of the Enfield Rifle: The immediate cause of the rebellion was the introduction of the new Enfield rifle, whose cartridges were rumored to be greased with pork and beef fat, offending both Hindu and Muslim soldiers. This was a significant issue for the sepoys in Bengal, as highlighted by IAS Express.

2. Military Discontent: The sepoys, who were primarily from the Bengal Army, were discontent due to the insensitive policies and practices of the British military authorities.

3. Economic Exploitation: Since the consolidation of Bengal in 1764, the British economic exploitation created widespread disaffection, exacerbating the tension leading up to 1857 (Vajiram and Ravi).

4. Political and Social Grievances: The British interference in the social and religious practices, and the annexation policies, like the Doctrine of Lapse, further alienated both soldiers and civilians.

Major Events in Bengal

1. Mutiny at Berhampore: In February 1857, a mutiny of the 19th Bengal Native Infantry at Berhampore marked the beginning of the rebellion in Bengal, when the troops refused the greased cartridges and broke out in mutiny. The regiment was subsequently disbanded (PW Only IAS).

2. Mangal Pandey's Rebellion: A critical event at Barrackpore involved Mangal Pandey of the 34th Native Infantry, who attacked a British sergeant-major. This act of defiance became a significant spark for further unrest. Pandey was overpowered, executed, and his regiment was disbanded (ThoughtCo).

3. Spread of the Mutiny: Following these events, the mutiny escalated, spreading across other parts of India. In Bengal, however, tight British control and swift actions helped suppress wider unrest compared to other regions like Delhi and Kanpur.

Images

The Rebellion of 1857 in Bengal, though not as intense as in some other regions, was a crucial part of the larger struggle that led to significant changes in British policy in India, including the dissolution of the East India Company and direct governance by the British Crown.