Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development categorizes the stages of moral development into three main levels, each consisting of two stages. These levels describe the progression of moral reasoning from childhood through adulthood. Here's a brief overview:

1. Pre-conventional Level:

   • Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment Orientation: At this stage, individuals focus on direct consequences to themselves. Actions are considered wrong if they lead to punishment.
   • Stage 2: Individualism and Exchange: Individuals recognize that others have different needs and perspectives. Right actions are those that serve one's own interests or involve fair exchanges.

2. Conventional Level:

   • Stage 3: Good Interpersonal Relationships: Moral reasoning is based on living up to social expectations and roles. Emphasis is on being "good" to maintain relationships and gain approval.
   • Stage 4: Maintaining Social Order: Individuals consider society as a whole when making judgments. The focus is on obeying laws, respecting authority, and maintaining social order.

3. Post-conventional Level:

   • Stage 5: Social Contract and Individual Rights: Individuals understand that laws are social contracts that should be changed when they do not promote general welfare. They value the greatest good for the greatest number.
   • Stage 6: Universal Principles: Moral reasoning is based on abstract reasoning using universal ethical principles. Laws are valid only if they are grounded in justice, and individuals may disobey laws that are unjust.

Kohlberg believed that not everyone reaches the post-conventional level, as it requires advanced moral reasoning and abstract thinking. His theory emphasizes the development of moral reasoning rather than specific moral behaviors.