The Gallipoli Campaign, also known as the Dardanelles Campaign, took place during World War I in 1915. The primary purpose of this campaign was to secure a sea route to Russia through the Dardanelles Strait, which was a crucial passage connecting the Aegean Sea to the Sea of Marmara, and ultimately to the Black Sea. The Allies, particularly Britain and France, aimed to knock the Ottoman Empire out of the war by capturing its capital, Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul), thereby opening up a new front and relieving pressure on the Eastern Front where Russia was struggling against the Central Powers.

The campaign was also intended to encourage Balkan nations such as Greece, Bulgaria, and Romania to join the Allies by demonstrating their military strength. The strategic goal was to create a new supply line to Russia, which was isolated from its allies due to the Central Powers' control over land routes. Despite the ambitious objectives, the campaign ended in failure for the Allies, with heavy casualties and no significant territorial gains. The difficult terrain, strong Ottoman defense, and strategic mismanagement contributed to the campaign's unsuccessful outcome.